Backing up a VM in windows can be done via powershell. The basic idea is:
- Stop the VM, so you free up the disk space which is used as virtual memory
- Create a VM checkpoint.
- Export the checkpoint to a temp folder, zip it as a archive file with the name of current date.
- Upload the Zip file to FTP server.
- Check the file names on FTP server, see if any are older than 30 days, delete if there are.
- Start the VM
- Delete the export folder, delete the archive file, delete the checkpoint.
- Email the job status to admin.
Module code:
#Add below file to powershell as a module, then use below script to backup the VMs to a ftp server:
Function Add-VmBackup
{
param(
[String]$vm = $null,
[String]$backupLocation = $null,
[String]$ftpBackupServer = $null,
[Int32]$ftpBackupServerPort = 21,
[String]$ftpUsername = $null,
[String]$ftpPassword = $null,
[String]$ftpBackupPath = ""
)
function Archive($sourcedir, $zipFileName )
{
Add-Type -Assembly System.IO.Compression.FileSystem;
$compressionLevel = [System.IO.Compression.CompressionLevel]::Optimal;
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($sourcedir, $zipfilename, $compressionLevel, $false);
}
#local variables
$ftpBackupServer = $ftpBackupServer.ToLower()
if( -not $ftpBackupServer.StartsWith("ftp://") ) { $ftpBackupServer = "ftp://" + $ftpBackupServer.trim('/') }
set ftpBackupPath ("/" + $ftpBackupPath.Trim('/') + "/" + $vm);
set-location $backupLocation
$backupDate = ([System.DateTime]::Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd"))
$snapshotName = ("bu_" + $backupDate)
set snapshotArchiveFilePath ([System.IO.Path]::Combine($backupLocation, ($vm + "-" + $backupDate + ".zip")))
set backupLocation ([System.IO.Path]::Combine($backupLocation, $vm + "-" + $backupDate))
try
{
if( test-path $backupLocation ) { remove-item -recurse -force $backupLocation }
New-item $backupLocation -type Directory | out-null
checkpoint-vm $vm -SnapshotName $snapshotName -Passthru | Export-VMSnapshot -path $backupLocation
if( test-path $snapshotArchiveFilePath ) { del $snapshotArchiveFilePath }
Archive $backupLocation $snapshotArchiveFilePath
remove-item -Recurse -Force $backupLocation
#FTP upload
#Ftp $snapshotArchiveFilePath $ftpBackupServer $ftpBackupServerPort $ftpUsername $ftpPassword $ftpBackupPath ($backupDate + ".zip")
#remove-item $snapshotArchiveFilePath
Get-VMSnapshot -vmname $vm | Remove-VMSnapshot
}
catch
{
echo $_.Exception.Message;
# handle error here
}
}
save it as C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\Backup_VM.psm1
Use below code to backup your vm1 and vm2
On the FTP server, all VMs are stored under the folder VMs/vm_name/date.zip
##don't change this script, it is been tested working perfectly!!!### #change the vm names in the line 4, the script will loop in the order import-module C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\Modules\Backup_VM.psm1 $vms=@("vm1","vm2")
$ftpserver = "ftp://192.168.90.202"
$local_tmp_folder = "E:\tmp\"
$ftpUsername = "backup_admin"
$ftpPassword = "yourpassword"
# SMTP configuration: username, password & so on
$email_username = "[email protected]";
$email_password = "yourpassword";
$email_smtp_host = "smtp.gmail.com";
$email_smtp_port = 587;
$email_smtp_SSL = 1;
$email_from_address = "[email protected]";
$email_to_addressArray = @("[email protected]");
$continueLoop = $true
#$stoppedVm = @{}
foreach ($vm in $vms)
{
try
{
if( $continueLoop )
{
stop-vm $vm
$continueLoop = !$LASTEXITCODE
}
}
catch
{
throw $_
}
}
##strat all the VMs
$continueLoop = $true
foreach ($vm in $vms)
{
try
{
if( $continueLoop )
{
Add-VmBackup -vm $vm -backupLocation E:\tmp -ftpBackupServer $ftpserver -ftpUsername $ftpUsername -ftpPassword $ftpPassword -ftpBackupPath '/VMs/'
start-vm $vm
$continueLoop = !$LASTEXITCODE
##Upload the VM zip file to ftp server
$backupDate =([System.DateTime]::Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd"))
$client = New-Object System.Net.WebClient
$client.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential($ftpUsername, $ftpPassword)
$ftppath =$ftpserver +"/VMs/" + $vm + "/" + $backupDate + ".zip"
echo "The location to upload is : "$ftppath
echo "`r`n"
$local_vm_backup_zip = $local_tmp_folder + $vm + "-" + $backupDate + ".zip"
echo "Local archive is: "$local_vm_backup_zip
echo "`r`n"
#$client.UploadFile($ftppath,[uri]::EscapeDataString($local_vm_backup_zip))
$client.UploadFile(
(new-object System.Uri($ftppath)),
(get-item $local_vm_backup_zip).FullName
) | Out-Null;
#delete the zip file created
remove-item $local_vm_backup_zip
}
}
catch
{
throw $_
}
}
##delete old backups if they are older than 30 days
$deleteThreshhold= [System.DateTime]::Today.Subtract((new-object System.TimeSpan(30, 0, 0, 0))).ToString("yyyyMMdd")
echo "Files before $deleteThreshhold should be deleted"
$ftpfolderpath = $ftpserver + "/VMs/" + $vm +"/"
#function to view the files in the FTP Server
function View-Files-in-FTP-Server ($url,$credentials) {
$request = [Net.WebRequest]::Create($url)
$request.Method = [System.Net.WebRequestMethods+FTP]::ListDirectory
if ($credentials) { $request.Credentials = $credentials }
$response = $request.GetResponse()
$reader = New-Object IO.StreamReader $response.GetResponseStream()
$reader.ReadToEnd()
$reader.Close()
$response.Close()
}
$ListFiles = View-Files-in-FTP-Server -url $ftpfolderpath -credentials $client.Credentials
#echo $ListFiles
#will compare $deleteThreshhold and file name to determin if backup is old enough to delete
$files = ($ListFiles -split "`r`n")
# echo $files
$Archive_uploaded = $false
foreach($file in $files)
{
if($file){
$dateoffile = $file.substring(0,8)
$vm_delete = [System.Net.FtpWebRequest]::create($ftpfolderpath + $file)
$vm_delete.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential($ftpUsername, $ftpPassword)
if ($dateoffile -lt $deleteThreshhold){
echo "$file need to be deleted"
echo "delting $file..."
echo $vm_delete
$vm_delete.Method = [System.Net.WebRequestMethods+Ftp]::DeleteFile
$vm_delete.GetResponse()
} else{
#echo "$file don't need to be deleted"
}
#Check if file is uploaded
if ($dateoffile -eq $backupDate){
echo "$file is uploaded"
$Archive_uploaded = $true
} else{
#echo "$file don't need to be deleted"
}
}
}
####### Email a notification to admins ########
##Send success email if the archive zip file is uploaded.
if($Archive_uploaded){
########message object
$message = new-object Net.Mail.MailMessage;
$message.From = $email_from_address;
foreach ($to in $email_to_addressArray) {
$message.To.Add($to);
}
$message.Subject = ("[Notice] VM Backup on" + $env:computername + " Is completed and");
$message.Body = "Hello there, `r`n";
$message.Body += "This is an automatic e-mail message ";
$message.Body += "sent by VMBackup Powershell script ";
$message.Body += ("to inform you that below Virtual Machine(s): `r`n"+ $vms +" `r`n On the Hyper-V computer "+ $env:computername + " is completed! ");
$message.Body += "----------------------------------------------";
$message.Body += "`r`n";
$message.Body += ("Machine HostName: " + $env:computername + " `r`n");
$message.Body += "`r`n";
$message.Body += "----------------------------------------------";
$message.Body += "`r`n";
$message.Body += " ";
$smtp = new-object Net.Mail.SmtpClient($email_smtp_host, $email_smtp_port);
$smtp.EnableSSL = $email_smtp_SSL;
$smtp.Credentials = New-Object System.Net.NetworkCredential($email_username, $email_password);
$smtp.send($message);
$message.Dispose();
}
save this to C:\scripts\VM_backup.ps1
Cerate a schedule task to run the script
Actions: start a program,
- Program/script: C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe
- Add arguments: -Command “& C:\scripts\VM_backup.ps1 -a 2 -b 3”